As I researched, I found many different definitions of Physics, some being very complex and others being simple and to the point. In defining physics, firstly, I would have to mention that the early history of physics is interrelated with that of other sciences, maths and concepts. As we know, the first areas of physics to receive close attention were mechanics and the study of planetary motions. The great breakthrough in astronomy, another form of science, was made by Nicolaus Copernicus, who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system that was later modified by Johannes Kepler, using observations by Tycho Brahe, into the description of planetary motions, an area of physics, that is still accepted today. Newton's Three Laws of Motion are also famous in physics today. He arrived at his results of these laws, by inventing a form of entirely new branch of mathematics, calculus, which has become an essential tool in most branches of physics. Therefore, I have come to state that physics is considered as 'a body of knowledge and as the practice that makes and transmits it. The growth of physics has brought not only fundamental changes in ideas about the material world, but also, through technology based on laboratory discoveries, a transformation of society.'
Uncertainty in Measurements
Because the number of digits that are valid for any measurement is limited, the precision of all measuring devices is also limited. Every measurement is subject to uncertainty.
Causes of uncertainty:
1. temperature
2. magnetic fields
3. parallax
4. carelessness
Chapter 3:
General Principles of Temporal Displacement
In chapter 3, we learned that displacement is the change in position of an object. Because this interests me I decided to enlighten you on the subject of Temporal Displacement. The TARDIS is a powerful machine that allows temporal displacement from within the space-time dimension. It is most important that the operator of the TARDIS have a fundamental understanding of temporal displacement ('time travel') if he or she is to understand and successfully pilot the TARDIS. There are only four laws of time travel, but first you must understand the Circular (linear) Theory of Time, which is the general theory of time that most events are regulated by. In this theory one is required to picture the space-time continuum as a 'laser disk', a circular plane with a starting point at the center. 'The creation of the universe is dubbed Event One, and it is this that the center of the disc represents. At the boundary it is theorized that time runs backwards and all event waves now head towards Event One.' The term given to this process when the TARDIS dematerializes from one point in space-time and rematerializes in another. In effect, the TARDIS is skipping tracks, traveling to tracks long passed or journeying ahead of the event wave. Track skipping is really another name for temporal displacement or 'time travel'.
Chapter 4:
'You sit in an elevator like cart which goes all the way to the top of the ride. It goes forward a little'and then swoosh you're dropped down.'
Freefall
As you dropped down the tracks all the potential energy that was stored up when you ascended up in the elevator turns into kinetic energy, which is energy in motion. This is an example of the Law of Conservation of Energy. However, because this is a 'real world' example all the potential energy does not convert into kinetic energy due to some lost to friction.
While falling you yourself will be in free fall where there is a weightlessness feeling. Free fall is motion determined solely by gravitational forces. This is due to the fact that the only force acting on you is gravity. This acceleration is known as the acceleration due to gravity, represented by the letter g, which is equal to 9.8 m/s2 or 32 ft/s2. The acceleration due to gravity differs on each planet because of the different gravitational strength. On Mars the g is 3.3 m/s2. On Jupiter the g is 25.6 m/s2. On the moon the g is 1.67 m/s2.
As we know, the speed at which an object is falling during free fall can be determined, when started at rest, by this equation: v= g * t
The distance an object has traveled during free fall can be determined, when started at rest, by this equation: s = 1/2g(t)2
A free falling object, such as a sky diver, can reach a speed of more than 118 miles per hour however there is a certain speed, the terminal velocity, where you can't going any faster due to air resistance. A parachutist experiences free fall for a brief period before the parachute opens, but the force of air resistance against the person's body soon becomes significant and he or she no longer falls freely.
Chapter 7:
Pendulum Rides
Pendulum rides are a little like the swing sets you might remember from your childhood. Swings give you a feeling of flying in a controlled manner. You pump your legs to provide enough force to increase the height of the swing's arc, and enjoy the increased velocity of the downward swing. When you stop pumping, the swing gradually slows and then stops.
Some people wonder what causes the feeling of 'weightlessness' on pendulum rides.
Riders often experience near-weightlessness as they approach the top of a pendulum ride. 'If the ride is the type that makes a complete 360-degree circle, they experience a feeling of complete weightlessness.'
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